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When I came to the Kunshan Health Center, it was not as deserted as the government offices of the Sui Dynasty, but very lively.

In addition to the more than a dozen clerks of the health center itself, there are more than a dozen old men and women employed by the health center, as well as five local gangsters who were recruited.

The work here is very busy. The entire health center has set up outpatient room, drug room, isolation and placement room, health inspection room, mobile medical room, infectious disease investigation room, health propaganda room, forensic room, and general logistics room.

"Fangsuo, Zhoushan Chemical Company just sent a batch of new medicines and a basket of garlic."

When Fang Dayong heard the new medicine and garlic, his face suddenly became happy: "Come and take me there to see."

Coming to the medicine room, Song Shidao, who followed behind, opened his eyes, and saw that there were large and small dark brown and black glass bottles displayed in the room, as well as several wooden cabinets containing Chinese herbal medicines.

Fang Dayong didn't even bother to greet Song Shidao, he picked up the list and quickly browsed it.

In addition to the previously existing Pozhang Dan (artemisinin), golden sore medicine, and prescription? Du Ma Pill (morphine), there are two other new drugs.

Spit tartar powder, intravenous injection, the dilution ratio is 10 ml of distilled water to 0.1 g of powder, this drug is used for the treatment of blood-sucking worms, matters needing attention: this drug is easy to be poisoned and has serious side effects, please use it with caution...

Sulfonamides, chemical antibiotics…

Fang Dayong was also overjoyed to see the effects and therapeutic range of these two new drugs. Although the side effects of tartarite are relatively large, it is better than none.

As for other safer and more efficient insecticides, Longsa, who is in charge of research and development, is also a clever woman who can't cook without rice.

Tartarite is already the most readily available insecticide.

Of course, this "easy" is also a question mark, at least for those who do not have a certain chemical knowledge reserve, there is no way to do it.

Spit tartar, also known as antimony potassium tartrate.

The raw materials needed to synthesize this agent are: tartrate, potassium carbonate and antimony trioxide.

As the name suggests, tartar is the stone in the wine, which is the sediment in the process of brewing wine. Please pay special attention that, except for wine, other wines cannot produce tartar in large quantities during the brewing process.

In the nature of the earth, the only plants that contain a lot of tartaric acid are grapes and sour horns.

If you travel through the ancient times in East Asia, you don't need to think about it, because it is a native plant in Africa and Tianzhu, and it is only suitable for growing in tropical dry valleys with distinct wet and dry conditions.

On the contrary, grapes are the easiest to obtain, and there is no need to wait for the opening of the Silk Road, because East Asia is also one of the origins of grapes.

In the mountains of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, there are dozens of wild varieties such as thorn grapes, hair grapes, and East China grapes. These grapes are not only high in tartaric acid, but also very suitable for planting in subtropical and temperate zones.

After successfully attacking Da Liuqiu last year, Longsha asked Bai Yulou and Zheng Sen to find wild vines in Da Liuqiu.

After the first batch of wine was brewed in September, Longsa could not wait to filter out more than ten kilograms of tartar and started the research on the synthesis of tartar.

The second raw material in the synthesis process is potassium carbonate, which can be synthesized with caustic soda and potassium nitrate, and is a simple chemical product.

Now the chemical plants in Zhoushan Islands and Daliuqiu can already mass-produce triacid dibasic and synthesize potassium carbonate, but it is trivial.

Even nitric acid, which has been limited by raw materials before, has also completed the industrialization of 600 nitric acid per month.

However, Longsa is not taking the ammonia-oxygen method of "synthesizing ammonia", nor the inefficient arc method, but the combustion method.

Since ancient times, the artificial nitrogen fixation technical routes of human beings include the saltpeter method (classical soil method), the arc method (energy consumption is touching), the combustion method (not born at the right time), and the ammonia oxygen method (could not be done by concubines and concubines).

The saltpeter method is the technology that Zhoushan Chemical Plant has been using before.

As for the arc method, the tiankeng with an energy conversion efficiency of 2.5 to 6%, unless Comrade Longsha uses the magnetic field to rotate, as a human-shaped generator, otherwise there is no need to think about it.

The ammonia-oxygen process technology, which starts from synthetic ammonia, requires high temperature and high pressure, platinum catalysts, and stainless steel reaction tanks. Longsa does not want chemical plants to go directly to the sky.

Therefore, she chose the burning method that was forgotten by humans and was born at an untimely time.

This scheme is similar to coke dry distillation, which is to use the high-temperature gas generated during the coal combustion process, plus hot air, to raise the temperature of the reactor to 1800 degrees Celsius.

Not only can it produce nitric acid, but also sulfuric acid, and the raw materials are coal and air, and the theoretical energy utilization rate can reach about 18%.

Although it is not as efficient as the ammonia-oxygen method, this solution is safe and the process is relatively simple. It is relatively easy to realize a chemical plant with an annual output of several thousand tons of nitric acid.

As for the dangerous and complicated ammonia-oxygen method, we should wait until the materials and mechanical processing technology meet the standards in the future, and then consider it!

The production of nitric acid has skyrocketed, and the production of explosives of the League has also skyrocketed. Currently, it can produce 20 to 30 tons of safe explosives every month, a dozen times more than before.

...

Closer to home.

With tartar and potassium carbonate, the mouthful of antimony trioxide is missing.

Antimony trioxide can be extracted from stibnite, which is often associated with tin ore, pyrite, realgar, calcite, and quartz. It looks like a crystal clear mineral.

The extraction method is also relatively simple, which is to calcine the stibnite, and then chemically remove impurities such as sulfur, arsenic, iron, and tin.

After relatively pure antimony trioxide is obtained, metal antimony is further smelted by carbon reduction (high-temperature smelting), and then oxidized to obtain high-purity antimony trioxide powder.

The raw materials are very well prepared, and you can start to synthesize the spit stone. .

According to the characteristics that potassium tartrate is easily soluble in hot water, firstly add distilled water twice as much as tartar into the reactor, and after heating to boiling, start stirring and add tartar.

After all the materials are dissolved, solid potassium carbonate is added. Since the reaction is intense and a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated during the reaction, in order to stabilize the operation, when adding potassium carbonate, it should be added in batches, and the stirring should be strengthened.

The addition amount of potassium carbonate is to test the pH with litmus paper, and stop adding when the pH is 7.

The neutral reaction material is filtered while hot, the filtrate is heated to boiling, and activated carbon is added for decolorization, and then filtered to remove activated carbon and other impurities.

The amount of activated carbon added is based on the colorless and transparent material, generally 5~10% of the material.

The decolorized material is heated and evaporated. When the concentration of potassium tartrate reaches the requirement, the material is placed in a ceramic plate and naturally cooled and crystallized at room temperature.

The crystallized product is dried to obtain potassium tartrate with a content of more than 99%.

Potassium tartrate is dissolved in water, then antimony trioxide is added, and the molar ratio of the two is 2:1.

Heating and stirring, the antimony trioxide is dissolved and then co-heated and concentrated, cooled and crystallized, centrifugally filtered, and the dried potassium antimony tartrate is the tartar we need.

This step-by-step process of refining, purifying, separating, and synthesizing is what countless chemists in later generations have worked hard to find out.

And this is already a relatively simple chemical synthesis. If you want to synthesize more complex compounds, there is no way to mass-produce them with the current conditions.

The core raw material of tartar is tartar, and this thing can only be obtained through wine brewing before artificial synthesis technology.

Fortunately, after the People's Revolutionary Federation captured the Taihu Plain, there were primitive mountain forests such as Tianmu Mountain and Kuaiji Mountain, where there were a large number of wild vines.

Longsa has asked Zheng Sen to organize personnel to open a grape production base in Tianmu Mountain to facilitate the acquisition of more natural tartar.

In addition, garlic planting farms, Houttuynia cordata planting farms, Coptis planting farms, and Eucommia planting farms will also be established.

These four crops are grown because these crops have enormous uses.

Garlic can be extracted from allicin, or crushed and added to feed, which can improve the disease resistance of livestock.

Coptis chinensis and Houttuynia cordata can also be extracted from natural antibiotics. The extraction method is the same as that of garlic. It can be extracted with absolute ethanol (pure alcohol).

As for penicillin, in the current conditions, there are still huge safety risks, and the yield is very impressive.

After all, later generations can produce penicillin on a large scale, because scientists have cultivated and screened from generation to generation, coupled with radiation to promote the speed of mutation, and obtained high-yield Penicillium.

In ancient times, if you want to extract penicillin on a large scale, you should wash and sleep!

Natural antibiotics such as allicin, berberine, Houttuynia cordata extract, and chemical antibiotics such as sulfonamides are more realistic.

People in this era did not take antibiotics for a long time, and antibiotic resistance generally does not exist in the body.

The refined allicin, berberine and sulfonamide are no worse than penicillin.

Especially allicin, this thing can be effective in the native way, as long as the garlic is chopped or smashed, exposed to the air for a few minutes, allicin can be produced, and then it can be taken directly with warm water.

Fang Dayong received a bunch of garlic, not for them to eat, but to go to them to buy a garlic farm in Kunshan, so that it is convenient to source materials locally.

"Good stuff, Mingli."

A young man ran over: "Fang Suo, what are your orders?"

Fang Dayong instructed: "You immediately hire 2 farmers who have experience in growing garlic and let them plant the garlic."

"No problem, I'll find someone right away."

Song Shidao asked curiously, "Brother Fang, isn't this garlic for eating?"

"Haha, Brother Song doesn't know something, garlic is a good thing for both medicine and food, but to be used as a medicinal material, it must be smashed and eaten raw, or smashed and smeared. As for refining allicin, it is not something that the health center can do. ."

Song Shidao looked at the baskets of garlic in astonishment: "I didn't expect a small garlic to have such a purpose."

At this moment, there was a sound of hurried footsteps outside the door.

A hired Langzhong hurried over: "Fang Suo, Xilin Daji sent two children with low-grade fever and swollen stomach. I suspect blood-sucking worm disease."

"What? Talk while walking." Fang Dayong picked up the medical box and walked to the outpatient room.

When he came to the outpatient room, Fang Da frowned.

Song Shidao has also seen this kind of stomach disease. Although the Lingnan area is relatively rare, the areas around Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, and Taihu Lake are high incidence areas.

Because the lakes, swamps, and rivers in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are densely covered, and once infected people appear in these areas, blood-sucking worms can easily enter the water source with the excrement of the infected people, and then cause large-scale infection.

After asking a few questions, Fang Dayong was able to confirm that it was schistosomiasis. The two children swam by the river and drank some water.

Fang Dayong was very angry, and had the helplessness of hating iron not becoming steel:

"The concept of hygiene still can't keep up. Three orders and five requests to educate the villagers not to drink raw water casually, but there are still thousands of blood-sucking worm cases reported in various places."

"Master! Doctor! Please save my poor child! Woohoo..." The woman knelt down and begged.

"Now we can only fight poison with poison. Listen carefully, there are pesticides that can kill insects, but they are very toxic, and there may be serious side effects and even death. You can consider whether to use drugs or not." Fang Dayong was straightforward and honest.

The couple were overjoyed when they heard that there was medicine, but they were very worried when they heard that there were side effects.

In the end, it was the middle-aged farmer who made up his mind: "Sir! Please give my child medicine! If they can't make it through, that's their fate."

"Woooooo..." The woman cried bitterly.

Fang Dayong shook his head and instructed others to prepare medicines and utensils. In order to minimize side effects, he also instructed specially hired Lang Zhonglin Shiwang:

"Doctor Lin, Qiwei Baizhu Powder, the dosage for children."

"Leave it to me." After several days of study, Lin Shiwang has mastered many recipes in "Doctor Barefoot", although his medical skills are still half a bucket of water.

For example, he will memorize the dosage of Qiwei Baizhu Powder for children, namely Codonopsis 2 money, Poria 2 money, Atractylodes 2 money, Licorice 1 money, Muxiang 1 money, Pueraria 3 money, Huoxiang 1 money.

And the purpose of this medicine is that children with spleen deficiency and long-term discharge, body heat and thirst.

The reason why Fang Dayong prescribed this medicine is to use it in conjunction with spit tartar. The side effects of spit tartar include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and low blood pressure.

After an hour and a half.

Lin Shiwang prepared Qiwei Baizhu San, and Fang Dayong also prepared Tutarshi injection.

Since the patient is a child, the child's dose must be used, that is, a total of 12 mg of tartar, mixed with normal saline to 1 kg, divided into six injections over three days.

Considering that one-time injection with a syringe may lead to increased side effects, Fangda uses an intravenous vial.

The needle is made of silver alloy, and materials such as stainless steel are difficult to smelt and process.

The silver alloy is currently the most suitable material for making needles.

Before the silver needle was inserted into the child's vein, Fang Dayong had tied the two children to the hospital bed with a belt to prevent the children from moving around.

Soak kapok in disinfectant alcohol and apply disinfection to the child's needle location.

Then he took the needle and stabbed it into the child's vein.

After the needle is connected to a rubber tube, the other end of the rubber tube is a glass medicine bottle, and the air intake pipe inside the bottle allows the tartar solution to obtain air pressure balance.

As for the hose, this thing is not obtained through coal chemical industry, but a product made from natural rubber.

Did East Asia in the Sui and Tang Dynasties have rubber?

There really is.

The natural rubber that later generations often come into contact with is mostly from the Hevea tree in South America.

But many people don't know that East Asia also has its own natural rubber, that is, eucommia gum and dandelion gum.

Eucommia is a special plant in East Asia, mainly distributed in the mountains in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The core production area is in the Wuling Mountains, and there are also a small amount of wild resources in Tianmu Mountain and Kuaiji Mountain.

However, the hose used by Fang Da~lightnovelpub.net~ is not made of eucommia gum, but dandelion gum.

Because dandelions spread throughout East Asia, Northeast Asia and Central Asia, although the dandelions sought by the crowd are not high-colloid varieties, they can be planted on a large scale to obtain a certain amount of raw rubber.

There is a village near Keelung that specializes in planting dandelions, and is still cultivating and screening varieties. Currently, about 12 kilograms of glue can be produced per mu.

The whole village planted 86 mu of dandelions and only produced 1,000 kilograms of raw rubber, but the value of these 1,000 kilograms of raw rubber is very high.

Previously, Longsha proposed that Zheng Sen open a Eucommia plantation farm in Tianmu Mountain in order to obtain Eucommia gum and expand the total output of raw rubber.

As for going to South America to find Hevea trees, Zheng Sen didn't have that idea, because Eucommia can be grown in subtropical zones, and dandelions can be grown in temperate and subarctic zones.

And rubber trees can only be planted in the tropics, not to mention that rubber trees consume a lot of land and water resources, and need four or five years to grow before they can enter the harvesting period.

Although the unit yield of Eucommia and dandelion is low, these two kinds of plants can realize rubber refining in the same year.

What's more, the so-called low unit output is not impossible to change.

For example, through reasonable dense planting, sufficient fertilizer, and continuous improvement of varieties, at least about half of the output of rubber trees can be achieved.

If the eucommia gum and dandelion gum are vigorously developed in the era of unreliable navigation conditions, natural rubber can also be produced, and there is no need to seek farther.

It depends on the era, its own sailing conditions, and the demand for natural rubber.

At this stage, the demand for natural rubber by the People's Revolutionary Federation has not reached the level of horror of later generations. There are hundreds of tons a year, which can already meet the initial needs.

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