Chapter 2313 "Golden Scissors"

  Joseph II can be seen as Frederick of the Habsburg monarchy. He took Frederick the Great as a model and pursued goals similar to Frederick. Before Joseph had no pro-government, in his constant parades and private visits, the disadvantages of the landowner's labor control over the peasants attracted his attention. The mature grain was not harvested because the lord forced the peasants to serve, and the farmers' hard work for a year was wasted. And when they try to seek protection from the government, the landowners are often the law enforcement officers in their area.

   But Frederick II's country was much smaller than the Holy Roman Empire, and at the same time Frederick had much more power as king than Joseph as emperor. Moreover, the King of Prussia is the largest landowner in Prussia and controls one-third of the arable land in the kingdom. When the King of Prussia stood up and expressed that he would treat the peasants of the kingdom, especially those poor tenant farmers and dying farmers, the Prussian nobles expressed that the king would Having taken the lead in oppressing the peasants for over a century, if the king is willing to improve the situation of the peasants in his domain, there is no reason why the nobles should not follow suit.

  Even Frederick the Great was careful when dealing with the Silesia issue. Although there was a major administrative reform and reorganization in the region known as West Prussia, he kept the local elite as much as possible. After Emperor Joseph came to the throne, he could not wait to start his reforms, issuing 6,000 decrees during his ten-year reign, with an average of 1.6 daily changes. Only a few of these decrees were successfully implemented, most were shelved, and some provoked fierce resistance and general anger.

The Tolerance Act was one of the few successful decrees. This decree recognized the legal status of Protestantism and Judaism and expressed respect for multiculturalism. However, he then closed down some monasteries that had not been converted into schools and hospitals. aroused people's resentment.

   There are indeed some priests who are not productive, but live a literate and comfortable life, especially some senior priests, whose lives are quite flashy, and the coffin of Joseph II is the simplest among all Habsburg emperors.

   However, his epitaph reads "The monarch who had a benevolent idea, but achieved nothing, died here."

  From the documents left in the 13th century, the church is divided into "the triumphant church", the "fighting church" and the "purified church", which does not mean that the church is divided. The triumphant church is located in the kingdom of heaven, and it is with the kingdom of heaven. The purified church is located in purgatory. Although purgatory suffers, people can be redeemed because of it. It is a place with more hope than the "fighting church". The fighting Church is on earth, and must continue to forge ahead in order to join the triumphant Church in heaven on Judgment Day. According to the scriptures, the church must fight against visible and invisible enemies, and Satan's minions in human form are everywhere.

The priest who blurted out before Georgiana last time was a "battle priest" and "man's enemies are his own family", which was adopted by Joseph II when the Pietists were promoting Yiddish instead of Latin. When German replaced Latin as the official language, when Queen Maria Theresa brought her baby Joseph II to the coronation, people cheered the Queen in Latin. By the second half of the 18th century, Latin was only used by priests. It has been used by some doctors, lawyers, judges, and scholars, and most people will not use it in real life. Who knows what the Latin name of Rhododendron is?

   For Joseph II, whose only concern was efficiency, Latin was unquestionably "historical artifact", "without any mystical power". With a single decree, he announced the replacement of Latin, which had been the official language of the empire since the Middle Ages, with German, and gave all government officials only three years to learn German or dismiss them from office.

  People who usually speak German do not need to learn, but those who speak other languages ​​must. Pope Pius VI personally went from Rome to Vienna to visit the emperor, hoping that the emperor would compromise on some reform issues, but the emperor was completely unmoved. This action is also known as the "reverse visit to Canosa". .

  When human beings united to build the Tower of Babel, in order to organize human’s plan, God made human beings speak different languages, so that human beings could not communicate.

   The difficulty of unifying the language is not so simple, nor can it be solved in a hurry.

The 18th century was the "age of men's wigs". Powdered wigs and knee-length tight silk shorts were common dresses for gentlemen. Beethoven's great-grandfather went to Cologne, and he was in the era of soaring food prices after Louis XIV. Belgium The land is fertile and can grow a lot of food, but ordinary farmers rely on potatoes to survive. It is hard to imagine that the Netherlands was once a very wealthy place.

There are probably two reasons for this. The wool textile industry, which was once a pillar industry in the Netherlands, was replaced by the cotton textile industry. Another is the decline of the Dutch tin-glazed painted pottery trade. German alchemists discovered how to make "real porcelain". ”, as well as the Sèvres Ceramics and Wedgwood Company of England, who took large orders for faience, and the mercantilists turned to porcelain.

Joseph II's regulations that did not restrict the employment of daily workers by craftsmen would bring a large number of floating population, which would cause security risks. It is an urban forest different from the virgin forest. No one knows the true identity of the other party, and the other party can leave after committing a crime. , disappeared into the sea of ​​people.

   The person who comes out of the prison will have a yellow ID card in his hand, no employer will hire him, and many people may go astray.

  Georgiana likes Rembrandt's "The Return of the Prodigal Son". A tolerant father accepts the return of his son from afar. In this world that lacks tolerance, tolerance is needed. There are many people who make a single mistake and are guilty of unforgivable sin, even if the sin is only because they were hungry and stole a piece of bread to eat.

   But if this son became a robber and committed an unforgivable crime, his father would be covering up if he accepted him.

In addition to Goethe and Schiller in Germany, he wrote an opera called "The Robber". The protagonist Karl is a young man who loves freedom and has a sense of justice. He has an ugly younger brother. When he left, he sow discord. He intercepted Carl's request for forgiveness, hoping his father would forgive him for returning home, and forged a curse letter from his father to cut off the relationship between father and son. After receiving the letter, Carl angrily threw himself into the green forest and became the leader of a gang of robbers. .

Carl's younger brother Ze told his father that Carl had died on the battlefield. The old father was in a coma and was in a coma. Franz was completely "free" now. fiancee Emilia.

  The ending of the story is a tragedy, in the end Carl kills Emilia and leaves the robber to surrender himself in court.

   Frederick the Great's reformation of capital punishment was not limited to the process of round sentences, and was only used by an extremely small number of serial killers and crimes of subversion.

She doesn't want people to misunderstand that as long as they become robbers, they will be publicly dissected, and she also doesn't want people to think that they were treated so cruelly because they protested because of their political differences. "Bloody Mary".

   In the play "The Robber", the old father said, "Let forgiveness be his punishment, and my vengeance is double love!"

   Bonaparte wouldn't believe this. Now he didn't order the soldiers to search who was covering up the assassins, and he didn't order martial law. The inhabitants of Mechelen continued to live as usual, and the wet market was still so crowded.

   Frederick had many admirers, but the behavior of the admirers was not the same.

  It is very risky to let those who hide in the forest return to their hometowns because the married people do not have to do military service. How does the woman know what the man has done in the forest?

   And she still remembers Fantine, she was originally a beautiful blonde girl who worked hard in the factory, but was fired because she was reported by a colleague to have an illegitimate child.

   That was actually an excuse, because the manager of the factory was plotting against her, and Fantine rejected him.

  The eloquent St. Catherine also rejected the lord and was sentenced to death by the angry lord.

   Not to mention whether the marriage proposal is successful or not means the extreme question of whether to serve in the military.

  Women do need heroes, knights, but…

   "Madame, here comes Mrs Bertin," said Margaret.

   "You still look so pretty today." Bertin said with a smile as he walked in.

   "I have something for you to do." Georgiana stood up from the dresser and walked to Bertin. "Have you heard of the Golden Scissors Award?"

   "I am a tailor in your eyes?" Bertin asked in surprise.

   Since the 16th century, Italian tailors have been competing for the "Golden Scissors" award, which is also the highest award in the European tailoring industry.

   But Bertin is a designer, although an Italian girl she knows knows both design and sewing.

   "I want you to find a tailor who has the Golden Scissors Award."

   "Can't it be just my girls?" Bertin asked.

   "Do they have the Golden Scissors?" asked Georgiana.

   Bertin shook his head.

   "You can let someone else do the job of finding a tailor. I ask you, have you ever designed men's clothing?"

   Bertin put his hands around his chest.

   "Can I know what exactly you want to do?"

   "I heard that you still didn't abandon Marie Antoinette when she was incarcerated, so you're not a coward, are you?" Georgiana smiled and said, "Have you ever thought about trying to challenge new fields?"

   "You mean men's clothing?"

   "No, I want to design a new Belgian police uniform, do you think you can do it, Rococo godmother?"

   (end of this chapter)