Chapter 2420 royalcircus (three)

  Ireland is also known as the Emerald Island. The whole island is covered with green from east to west and from south to north. The temperature is moderate, the water network is dense, and the grassland is wide, which is very suitable for the development of animal husbandry.

   In order to achieve the purpose of restricting the export of Irish wool, the London Parliament even enacted a law to prohibit the import of live Irish cattle. Since William III defeated James II, the land of Irish nobles who once supported James II was "confiscation". Ireland's own control of land was only 14%, which dropped to 7% after 20 years, and was controlled by Irish people in 1775. Only about 5% of the land is left.

   At that time, Parliament also passed the Livestock Act, which prohibited Catholics from owning horses worth more than 5 pounds, but did not prohibit raising cattle and pigs, but only agriculture and animal husbandry could not increase the rent. The primary purpose of the enclosure movement was that the income from wool was higher than that of agriculture. The nobles and new nobles could pay higher rents and drive away the farmers who had rented their land. British landlords in Ireland were also subject to the Woolen Act and the Restrictions under the Livestock Act.

   But the "method" is always thought up by people. Usually the landowners don't live in Ireland. They lease the land out through middlemen, collect a rent in advance, and then leave it behind.

  The middleman then rents it to the middleman, and through layer-by-layer exploitation, the land rent is relatively high when subletting to Irish tenant farmers, and they will also cut the land into small pieces. American farmers have large plots of land, and they even need to use horses to pull plows, which reduces their farming costs.

High land rent, high planting costs, and low food prices make the Irish have little property, and some foreign middlemen will rent the land to farmers at relatively low prices, and the corresponding tenants' lease time will also be shortened, so that The middlemen can take the land use rights to market auctions every now and then to drive up the price.

In addition to using land for farming, you can also build houses. Even if you don’t mention the big projects of the General Administration of Customs, building some townhouses can also increase the rent price, but these repaired houses are not lived in at all, and the target customers of those high-end communities are rich. People, rich people have gone to London, they only go back to Dublin in winter, there is not much private demand for high-end housing.

Real estate in Dublin was weak from the start, but construction continued to spread to the suburbs and satellite villages. The end result was that Irish farmers had to pay high rents on their cattle, butter, wheat and other crops, and their property was only pigs and Pig manure, and potatoes.

  The English landowners can get a lot of wealth without doing anything, and the Irish peasants have to spend all their time and energy on taking care of that small piece of land with an unstable tenure, and naturally there is no way to improve the land.

Richard had 22 children, but he never intended for Maria to sacrifice her life to take care of her younger siblings. She wrote two novels, "Castle La Corente" and "Outlander", both reflecting the relationship between Irish landowners and sharecroppers The relationship also indirectly supported his father's political views. In his small town, the rent was not that high, and he himself did not leave Ireland to live in England.

  In 1800 he delivered a speech in the Irish Parliament, he believed that the Anglo-Irish merger would allow rich families to come to Ireland to inherit their land in Ireland. His daughter is more realistic than he is. In Maria's novel, an English landowner disembarks ashore and meets a group of Dublin citizens who try to get a few pennies from him. Their frenzy and poverty drive away the idyllic scenery of the English landowner's imagination. And romance, because he suddenly finds himself surrounded by a group of "monsters".

  These people said "don't worry, don't be afraid" while taking his luggage, British travelers were besieged and could only watch. But when he got to the hotel and found that his luggage was safe and only paid a few pennies, the porters were all smiles and grateful to him.

   This scene can be seen in Agatha Christine's novel "The Massacre on the Nile", but the beggar becomes an Egyptian. Saint-Tierel came to Belgium mainly for the construction of the Natural History Museum in Brussels, and he had never been seen in Boulogne-sur-Mer before. There are many specimens in the museum, including animals from various major states, and two mummies, and the Belgians who saw them for the first time were excited and scared.

  The Egyptians didn’t just mummify people, they included animals, St. Tyrell dissected them, some animals haven’t changed much for thousands of years, but Georgiana felt uncomfortable when she saw the baboon’s mummy.

The big changes are cats and dogs, the Welsh corgis have short legs, they are suitable for cattle herding, and in Ireland there are wolfhounds, they are very large, but with the extinction of the Irish wolf, these wolfhounds also went extinct, The dogs in the tombs of ancient Egyptian pharaohs also didn't exist in 19th-century Egypt, they looked more like hyenas. Now found on frescoes, and still alive in Egypt, is a slender dog known as the Oryx, which came from the Fertile Crescent and was suitable for hunting antelope, desert fox and jackal.

   These dogs are the hunting dogs of the pharaohs and nobles. The nobles usually drive chariots when they go out to hunt. Chasing antelopes can experience that kind of speed and passion. In contrast, fighting with lions is very dangerous, and lions cannot run fast, not only can they not give full play to the advantages of sweaty horses, horses are naturally afraid of lions, and they will panic if they smell the smell of lions without training. When the carriage overturned, the hunter had to face the lion himself.

   As for how useful those dexterous antelope dogs are when facing lions, they can only resign themselves to fate. If they are unlucky, they will not be able to hunt, but instead they will be hunted.

Before 1800, animals were never regarded as individuals who needed to be protected. At the same time as the large-scale urbanization of the United Kingdom, some rural bad habits also poured in. Bullfighting, cockfighting, dogfighting, and bearfighting are popular "entertainment" in the market. Cruelty is known, so a man named Martin proposed animal protection laws to protect large animals such as cows, horses, mules, etc., which can at least be used as transportation.

   This aroused ridicule from the MPs, who jokingly shouted "There are also dogs, and there are cats."

Spanish bullfighters will hold a red cloth to provoke bulls. British bullfighters will first tie the bull to a stake, and then sprinkle pepper on the bull's nose. After the bull is provoked, he will release a special bulldog. The large dog will bite on the nose of the cow.

Then there is the bear fighting performance. The bear is also tied to a post and besieged by several hounds. No matter how fierce the bear is, he will be bitten to death and exhausted. The whole scene is bloody, but the body of the bear will not be killed by the hounds. Divide the corpse, after all, bear skins are very valuable. England in the 18th century was already the world's leading life, and meat was part of many people's meals. London butchers consumed more meat in a month than in Spain in a year.

The demand for meat will inevitably require a slaughterhouse. In order to ensure the freshness of the meat, the slaughterhouse is usually located in the city center. For example, Diagon Alley used to be a butcher shop. In order to prevent the meat from being accelerated by direct sunlight, the buildings on both sides of the alley are very close. Shade can block the sun.

The location of Diagon Alley is on Charles Cross Street, which is the city center. Seeing the slaughter scene every day in a densely populated area will make people feel uncomfortable, especially the screams of animals before they die, and the blood flowing The sewer is really a breathtaking "public landscape".

  Martin hopes to ban everything that can be an inducement to cruelty, and ban all animal cruelty that entertains and satisfies gluttons.

   In addition, the people watching these "shows" are the fringes of the city, the least orderly, and their gatherings lead to an increase in disruptive behavior.

   In fact, when Britain and France signed a trade treaty in 1786, Ireland also offered the same preferential treatment, and the Portuguese occasionally smuggled Irish wool socks into France as British goods. It was also through the American Revolution that William Pitt Jr. lowered tariffs on tea, raised taxes, and reduced smuggling.

However, the final "consensus" was that Ireland "should not have", and when defending the trade treaty, William Eden argued that "the two countries should now enjoy different trading systems in their respective trade with France", so What is important to UK policy is "not necessarily" acceptable to Ireland.

  In other words, when the United Kingdom and Portugal had to give Porto a tariff preference over Bordeaux because of the Methuen Treaty, Ireland was exempt from this restriction.

   Scotch whisky is restricted, Irish brewing is not affected. The designer of the customs building, Gangdong, was also attacked. The most important ports of destination in Ireland are Rotterdam, Bordeaux and Cadiz in Spain. The trade volume with Liverpool is incomparable. It is necessary to build a more magnificent customs building than the Liverpool customs. What?

   "Oh~" Padma whimpered involuntarily.

   "Afraid?" asked Georgiana.

   "Of course not!" Padma said eloquently.

   Edgeworth laughed.

   "I don't like her books." Georgiana said bluntly, "Did she not realize how much she loves to preach?"

   "So what do you think your style is?" Richard asked.

  Georgiana is speechless.

   Padma smiled gleefully when she saw her like this, but her smile soon froze when she saw the exhibits in the next pavilion.

   "Is that true?" she murmured.

   "Of course." St. Tyrell looked at it and said, "It looks unreal, doesn't it?"

  Padma did not answer.

  Georgianna and Edgeworth also looked at the behemoth, which looked a lot like a wolf, but was ten times bigger than a normal wolf.

  Even though it has been made into a specimen, it is still scratching with teeth and dancing, looking extremely terrifying. Fortunately, the museum is not yet open to the public.

   "It shouldn't be here, who made it here?" asked Georgiana.

   "I," Sharptar said. "We paid dearly to kill it."

   "This is..." Edgeworth asked.

   "Revaux is a beast, not counting the people who killed it, it attacked hundreds of people alone." Sharptal looked at Georgiana and said, "Why shouldn't it be placed here?"

  Because it looks too "magic" to be in the "natural science" museum.

   She didn't say these words, and looked back at the horrible specimen, which looked a bit like a dog from this angle.

   (end of this chapter)