Chapter 515 The story about jade

  Albus likes to play tricks on Severus. On Christmas Day the year that Sirius escaped from prison, Severus stayed in the school to "protect" Harry.

  At the dinner table, Albus used firecrackers to transform a witch hat and came out and "sent" it to Severus.

   Neville’s Bogut was so famous that it also damaged Severus’s "manly style". He liked to pretend to save his face that year.

  It was also at the Christmas banquet that year that Trelawney made another prediction: If 13 people eat together, the first person to stand up will die first.

  One of Harry and Ron stood up first. They both almost died. Harry was the Avadaso curse and Ron was poisoned. That was all years after the prophecy.

  A mortal prophecy was shared by two people and became "almost" dead. Is this "lucky"?

  Speaking of the French famine, Pomona remembered the documents she saw in the library during her last trip to Ireland.

  The Opium War ended in 1840, and Britain received a large amount of war indemnities from China. However, this ill-gotten wealth did not make Britain really rich.

  After Columbus discovered the Americas, large-scale species exchanges began between the old and new continents. Potatoes native to the Americas were introduced to Europe at the end of the 16th century.

   Potatoes were not accepted by Europeans at first, but they have high yields and are easy to grow. The harvest is much more stable than wheat. In the middle of the 17th century, potatoes became popular throughout the island in Ireland.

  High-yield potatoes have brought population growth. In 1760, the population of Ireland was 1.5 million, but in 1841 it had climbed to 8.1 million. "A stable food supply can only lead to population growth." People who don't have so many food will not be so desperate to have children. In view of the previous lessons of the independence of the United States in the New World, England did not allow Ireland to own industry, and the entire territory of Ireland was dominated by agriculture.

  After the British and Chinese opium trade was legal, the rate of opium flooding in the United Kingdom was equally astonishing. From formal pharmacies to pub grocery stores, you can buy opium tinctures when you buy olive oil. It’s just different from the idea that the rich in China can afford "fushou ointment". The poor in Britain use opium tinctures at extremely low prices. Opium is sold to the Chinese at high prices.

  After the Chinese sailors of Chinatown settled in London’s Chinatown, the Hongmen people also came. They opened a smoking restaurant in London, which is different from the medicinal value of opium tincture. Smoking opium in a smoking restaurant is purely spiritual. In the Victorian era, many writers had the habit of smoking opium. Even in Conan Doyle's novels, the famous detective Sherlock Holmes also has a record of using cocaine.

  When the natives of England were drunk and drunk, in 1845 a fungus that made potatoes diseased spread widely. This late potato blight can quickly rot potatoes.

The climate of the three British islands is humid and rainy, suitable for fungus propagation, but at the time people didn’t know what the problem was, they just blindly cheered up and continued planting, and they planted a piece of land to death. Not only that, but also the potatoes stored in each household. All were destroyed, the famine began to spread, more than 3 million people could not eat, Ireland was instantly starved to the ground, like purgatory on earth.

  The Great Irish Famine was also one of the incentives for Britain to launch the second Opium War.

In order to help the victims, the United Kingdom used its gold reserves and bought a large amount of corn and oatmeal from the United States. However, these imported grains did not play a role in balancing the price of food. Even if they were sold at a price of 1 penny and a pound, the hungry Irish were basically. Can't afford the food.

At that time, Irish members of the British Parliament were all local big landlords. Their incomes depended heavily on the group tax paid by farmers in their territories. When the famine caused their incomes to drop sharply, they did not take any effective measures against their territories. In the words of the Whig Relief Secretary, "This disaster is a lesson from God to the Irish."

Under the dominance of these people, the government took a laissez-faire attitude towards alleviating famine. Even the British transported Irish meat and grains to England in whole ships. The poor Irish could only watch the food being transported. Go, one they don't have money, two they don't have guns, so they can only starve to death.

  On the contrary, because a large amount of cheap food has entered the British Isles, the country’s agriculture has been hit. Irish and English farmers can no longer make money. They switched to other jobs. In the event of the great famine, food relief was needed.

  The cheap food grain did not replace potatoes. Instead, the price of potatoes soared because of the decline in Irish potato production. If Britain could buy Irish potatoes, then Irish people would have money to buy cheap food, but English people did not do that.

After the baptism of the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the world's factory. Transport capacity is one of the powerful levers to push national wealth and civilization in all directions. Heavy industry companies headed by railway companies replaced the light industry of steam engines and textile machines and became the leader of the industrialization process. .

  Tariffs and railways are conjoined twins that support each other. As tariffs increase, freight rates increase, and tariffs decrease, so freight rates decrease. In order to bring in grain from abroad, the UK lowered tariffs, and the railway companies were affected. The stocks of the railway companies, which had been rising, fell rapidly, and the British financial crisis broke out.

  At the same time, because of the use of gold reserves to buy food, the British economic and financial system may collapse at any time. The outbreak of the financial crisis indirectly led to the loss of rescue measures. The English did not buy potatoes with rising prices in Ireland.

  In the face of this crisis, the United Kingdom established a Central Relief Committee, opened 76 granaries in western and southern Ireland, and sold food to the Irish at cost.

  However, the number of poor people is too large, and the farmers in England have reduced their grain production. The grain storage in the granary is simply not enough for so many people.

  Subsequently, the Ministry of Finance allocated funds to churches and almshouses. Every time a disaster strikes, someone will show humane spirit and distribute food to the victims for free.

  It is a pity that the capacity of churches and almshouses in various places is limited. Only 100,000 people receive relief, and there are more than 2 million people without food.

  The British, which has been obstructing the industrialization of Ireland since July 1846, proposed the method of substituting work for work and doing some public works so that the Irish can eat their food.

  But in actual operation, the problem reappeared.

  First, these projects require layer upon layer of approval, and the drag process wastes a lot of time.

  Secondly, Ireland does not have any industrial foundation. To build public projects from scratch, invest too much money, which is simply beyond the capacity of the British government, which has experienced the financial crisis.

Only 710,000 Irish people have received relief through public works, and there are more than 1.5 million people who are severely hungry. So the English tried to introduce Irish people into local employment. As a result, these hungry people robbed the locals’ jobs and undermined public order. In the case of lack of money and food, the Irish Guardianship Council started against Irish landlords.

  Since the mid-17th century, Irish land has been almost occupied by English landlords, most of whom live in England. The serious land annexation made most Irish farmers become tenant farmers of the British land aristocracy. In addition, the success of the Industrial Revolution allowed Irish people to survive by growing potatoes when agriculture was helpless and industry was hopeless.

  The pregnant women fainted in the snowdrift when the Great Famine occurred, and the children of the *** were driven into the cold wild with their trousers, which would take their lives in a few hours.

  The English drove a shiny carriage, watching the extremely poor and half-hungry people helpless.

  Because they are here for sightseeing, they are just ordinary people, they can only witness and record the history.

  In Shelley’s record: The rich in Dublin turned the poor into humble people, and then complained about their humbleness. They let the poor starve, but if the poor stole even a piece of bread, they would hang them.

  Because of the knowledge of these people, in 1847, Britain amended the Land Flat Law, exempting some tenant farmers from land tax and levying it only from the landlord.

The plan of the parliamentarians is to let the rich pay more and the poor pay less, so that there is money for disaster relief. However, under the situation of poor grain harvests across the country, the landlords have no extra money to pay taxes, tax collectors The desperate search for money from landlords led to a decrease in land leases and a large number of landlords who owned land went bankrupt.

In the face of natural disasters, self-cultivation farmers, tenant farmers, and landlords are all victims. The British won the war of aggression, but they still hurt themselves even after receiving the war reparations. The 21 million silver dollars in the treaty actually received less than 18 million. The gold after the purchase of food The reserve has dropped from 1.34 million tons to 930,000 tons, and the money earned has not lost much.

  As a victor, conqueror, and the world's largest power, how can it accept foreign relief?

  Queen Victoria herself donated 2,000 pounds to help the victims, and the Ottoman Turkish Sultan donated 10,000 pounds for aid, but the Queen refused.

Sultan apparently agreed to Queen Victoria's request, but secretly sent three ships full of food to Ireland. The Royal Navy tried to prevent these ships from going to Ireland, but the Turkish taxation did not fear the dangers and finally transported the food of the three ships to Dublin. nearby.

  In the case of nothing to do, the British government organized the Irish to immigrate to other colonies. Before 1845, the rate of Irish emigration to the United States was only about 5,000 people per year. After the outbreak of the Great Famine, almost 500,000 people came to the New World. In Chinese terms, it was the government organization that "fleeed from the famine".

This famine directly led to the death of nearly 1 million people. The Great Irish Famine has also become a watershed in Irish history. The inaction and poor assistance of the British government have also made Irish people feel desperate and angry. They have been launching the War of Independence, although they really fought. Britain may not lose when it rises up, but the Irish used guerrilla warfare to prevent the English from living a quiet life. They planned terrorist attacks to force Britain to agree to Irish independence. After the 150th anniversary of the Great Famine, the Irish were still holding the Muggle Prime Minister accountable.

  The first Opium War did not make Britain rich. Instead, it lost an island and millions of people, leaving only the superficial scenery.

After arriving in the New World, the new immigrants also mixed up very poorly, not even as black as the blacks. They could only do dangerous jobs, such as building railways and dock loading and unloading, the Statue of Liberty, the railroad across North America, and every sleeper on the American railroad was lying underneath. With the corpse of an Irish worker, they were forced to sign the form of joining the army when they obtained the visa, or signed a contract to become "white slaves." They even believed that the Great Irish Famine was a planned extinction in the United Kingdom. **The slaughter of Jews is exactly the same as the Ottoman Empire’s extermination of Armenians.

  At that time, the Ministry of Magic did not care about the Muggle government. At that time, the Minister of Magic Hortensia Mirifat implemented many laws and regulations. Wizards have their own lives to live, and who cares about Muggle life and death.

Western wizards are not the same as Eastern wizards. Eastern wizards care about the life and death of Muggles. For pure-bloods, Muggles kill each other and they have to do it themselves. Death Eaters like to toss and kill Muggles. .

  Death Eaters like to wear peaked hats, and the regulations on peaked hats are the reason why Mirifat stepped down. She has too much control, which is really annoying.

  This famine can actually be avoided. In the Americas, the origin of potatoes, the locals are interplanting two kinds of potatoes, but people at that time didn't care, they were all busy with the industrial revolution.

  As for the rapid population growth of the Qing Dynasty, it has nothing to do with the Qing government’s “good management” and “the prosperity of Kangxi and Qianlong”.

  There was no census in the early Qing Dynasty. To quell San Francisco, Kangxi needed taxation and conscription. After the tax system was improved, the escape from households was alleviated. The first real census in the Qing Dynasty took place in 1741.

  The rule of the Qing government is very dark, because they are like grazing, making the people unable to think, and the eyes of the Chinese are dull and numb in those old photos.

  From the handling of the Irish issue, we can see how bad the management of the "British Empire" is, but the Manchu Dynasty is even worse.

  Things that Mary likes, those who flatter her and hope to get an official position will find a way to get it. This is the same as what the "Lafayette" in the Qing Dynasty wanted when the officials underneath broke their legs.

  There is something good at the top, but the bottom will be effective. I heard that the Palace Museum has many gorgeous clocks and watches, and those clocks are the products of abuse of power and money.

  During the French Revolution, the nobles all got on the guillotine. The survivors of the Manchu Qing Dynasty had not experienced it, and it was indeed impossible to remember the lesson without experiencing the bloodbath.

  Severus did not care about the life and death of Muggles. The reason why he helped the Ministry of Magic defend against werewolf attacks was entirely to prevent people like Draco with the Death Eater logo on their arms from being discriminated against.

Because of Lily’s relationship, he no longer discriminates against Mudbloods. Between 1962 and 1968, Nobirich, who was Minister of Magic, was born in Muggle breeds. After he came to power, he was questioned. It was he who intervened to help England obtain In the 1966 World Cup football match, he himself denied this accusation, but the pure-blooded aristocrats did not believe it. In 1968, Nobirich was forced to resign due to a mysterious disease. Lucius Malfoy’s father, Abraxa Smalfoy is believed to have participated in the shady scene that caused Rich to leave.

  When he took office in 1962, several of the most qualified Wisengama members resigned from public office, and they joined the Death Eaters camp instead.

Hermione Granger is not only a Muggle species, she is also a girl, making her the Minister of Magic is really like a fantasy, but she still has an advantage because she is a Gryffindor, and she has been involved. In the great adventure of destroying Horcruxes, she still has a chance in the Ministry of Magic where Gryffindor is in power.

   There is a saying in Buddhism that it is called the cycle of heaven, and retribution is unhappy. Some retribution is not late, but the time is not yet.

  Voldemort is very scary, but he is here to collect the bills, who told Bojinbok to ignore life for money, even a pregnant woman.

  He is just a child, and he doesn't believe that Mommy is a wizard, because she would not die if she was a wizard.

  A Christian should learn to repent and reflect. Why did this result? Protestants confessed directly to God when repenting, without going through the priest, so there is no confession pavilion in the Protestant church.

   Even the formal confession is gone, what is left?

  No wonder God wants to destroy the world he created by himself.

  (End of this chapter)