Chapter 513 The T-shaped scroll opens up the world and is thought-provoking

"Some people may say, is there any Yinzhuang money shop that can lend them money? A shipyard cannot be dispatched with three to five hundred taels of silver, and even a few thousand taels may not be able to do it, not to mention the Yinzhuang money shop. There is no such business.”

  Feng Ziying continued to ask and answer: "The opinion of the lower officials is that the Ministry of Household Affairs of the imperial court will take the lead in establishing such a bank, absorb wealthy businessmen and gentry from all over the world as shares, and then use the shares to make loans..."

  Feng Ziying's words stirred up another storm in the hall. This time, despite Zhang Huaichang's power, he failed to silence all the officials.

Even Li Tingji, the elder of the pavilion, couldn't help but said in a deep voice: "Ziying, isn't this inappropriate? How is it proper for the imperial court to lead the loan lending? Isn't the imperial court just like those profiteers who lend usury? It is no longer the people's struggle for profit, but pure profit, which is the greatest damage to the prestige of the court! This case must not be opened!"

  Li Tingji's views won the support of the vast majority of officials in the palace, and all the officials clamored for opposition.

  It is really shocking for the imperial court to set up a bank and then lend money. Moreover, unlike the western concept, the imperial court in the east cannot compete with the people for profit.

  Money lenders are not only despised among merchants, but of course this has a lot to do with the high interest rates charged by money lenders.

Like the law of the Great Zhou, the monthly interest on loans should not exceed three points, and if it exceeds three points, you will be punished. At the same time, the interest on loans must not exceed the principal. But in fact, in private loans, even large loans between relatives and friends are never Less than two points, three points are the most common, and more than three points abound.

  Such a high interest rate also makes merchants extremely cautious in borrowing money, and a little carelessness can fall into the quagmire of debt.

Feng Ziying also realized that it would be very difficult to reverse the views of these people all at once, but he had to put forward this opinion and let these people have such an awareness. As for establishing such a bank to support him, he did not I hope that the court will let go at once.

"Lord Li, you may have misunderstood the idea of ​​the lower official. The lower official said earlier that the establishment of the Yinzhuang and the lending are to support the development of these businesses. Like the shipbuilding industry itself, the investment is huge. Ordinary merchants are definitely unwilling to leave the most familiar place. Going to an unfamiliar place to develop, because the unpredictable risk is too great, so to alleviate their worries, it must be supported in many ways. This kind of loan support is just one aspect, and the bank's lending is definitely not for that point. Little money,..."

  Feng Ziying explained calmly, but it was obviously difficult to convince people.

"Ziying, if the imperial court uses this method to support and support, isn't it the same as the imperial court sending money directly to these merchants?" Li Tingji shook his head, his eyes were gloomy, "This is different from what you said at first .”

"If the imperial household department is not willing to contribute capital, it doesn't matter. It just needs to be expressed by the imperial court that the imperial court will support the development of these industries. Encouraging and supporting private merchants to establish such a bank to support this type is of great benefit to the national economy and the people's livelihood. I think it can still be done, of course, for such a bank, the imperial court must have relevant policy support,..."

  Li Tingji is not easy to be fooled, and then asked: "Ziying, the court of yours is a bit vague in terms of support. How to support it? Don't just use the money from the Ministry of Households to make up for it?"

  Feng Ziying smiled wryly, "Of course not, if Mr. Li wants to ask for specific details, the lower officials can also talk about it..."

Li Tingji glanced at Ye Xianggao, and then bowed to Emperor Yonglong, "Your Majesty, I think that since it is a court account meeting, you might as well clarify many matters one by one, so that when you go down in the future, some people in the court will doubt whether it is right or not." Someone is giving and receiving behind the scenes, if it is possible, it can be confirmed in today's court meeting, if not, then it must be made clear, so as to avoid all kinds of gossip in the future,..."

  Obviously Li Tingji got some instructions, and he refused to let this question go easily.

   To be precise, Ye Fang and the two of them were worried about Zheng Jizhi, Minister of the Household Department, and worried that this guy would make deals with Northern scholars such as Emperor Yonglong and Qi Yongtai.

Zheng Jizhi himself is a scholar from the North, and he is old enough to be an official. If this guy thinks that he is going to be an official anyway, he must do his best for the North at this time, and use the power held by the Ministry of Households desperately. If you support it to the extreme, you will really make a hole for the court in the future.

  Emperor Yonglong thought for a while, and finally said: "Ziying, just talk about it."

Feng Ziying glanced at Li Tingji. Although Li Tingji had a good impression of him, it is impossible to give in easily on such matters. Feng Ziying also found it interesting and nodded, "The intention of the lower official is that if the court can let the Ministry of Finance Opening an account in this bank and depositing the bank balance in this bank should be regarded as the greatest support for this bank."

  One stone stirred up thousands of waves, and put the Ministry of Households, that is, the treasury account of the Great Zhou Dynasty, in this silver village? How about that? ! Is this Feng Ziying crazy? !

   There was an uproar in the hall, but Feng Ziying didn't care. He knew that it would definitely cause huge controversy, doubts and even opposition.

  If the imperial court does not take a stake, it will be difficult to gain sufficient credibility. It will be much more difficult to set up such a bank. Of course, Feng Ziying has to ask for it.

"Ziying, I'm afraid you've gone too far?" Fang Congzhe couldn't bear it anymore, "If the household bank deposits are stored in this bank, according to your assumption, they will be used to lend money to support the so-called benefits to the national economy and the people's livelihood. What if the Ministry of Households is in urgent need of silver taels to make a living through the industry?"

"Master Fang, I hope that the establishment of a bank is of course not as simple as lending, but also that there will be a problem of reserve funds for deposits and loans in the establishment of a bank. A kind of back-up guarantee, so as to ensure that Yinzhuang will not lose its reputation if there is a problem with the payment in a special period, which is more complicated,..."

  I know that it is difficult to explain the basic profit model of modern banks to those who lack modern financial knowledge, but if you don’t explain it clearly to them, they will never understand the mystery.

  In fact, in the West, this kind of bank for deposit and loan exchange had already taken shape in the twelfth century, and Italy had a real commercial bank more than 20 years ago.

But in Dazhou, those money shops and silver houses are still closely connected with pawnshops, and basically they mainly focus on pawnshops, and the business of exchanging and collecting handling fees has not appeared for many years, and it is still in a slow and stagnant embryonic stage. In the state, even suffered a lot of resistance and mistrust.

   This can be seen from Xue's **** shop's attitude towards this kind of money shop and Yinzhuang's plan.

"... Let me give you an example. For example, the shareholders of Yinzhuang invested one million taels, then the one million taels is the share capital. In addition, for example, the account department deposits 300,000 taels. Well, other things are for the convenience of deposit and withdrawal. That is to say, the merchants who do business deposit 700,000 taels sporadically, so the total is 2 million taels, then we can theoretically lend 1 million taels, because this is actually the share capital from the shareholders, and there is no risk of losing money. was taken,..."

"...but in fact, the Ministry of Household Department may not use the 300,000 taels of silver for a year, or it may take out 200,000 or even all of it a month later because of the severe drought in Shanxi or the flood in Jiangxi. The silver taels deposited by these merchants will be deposited in Yangzhou this month, and he may spend half of the goods he purchased in the capital next month, or he will purchase goods from outside the Great Wall in Datong in the next month. Horse skins pay the other half,..."

..., in the same way, maybe after two months he sold the goods in Luoyang and got back the payment, and continued to deposit. These countless merchants will always have a considerable part of their silver deposits in this continuous interlacing of time. In Yinzhuang, it goes round and round, year after year,..."

"...This part of taels seems to be constantly changing, but in fact, if you do a careful calculation, you can basically determine a rough range. For example, out of a million taels, there may be five or six hundred thousand taels that are constantly deposited and withdrawn. And the remaining hundreds of thousands of taels are accumulated in the bank, which can be used for lending. In addition, some pre-procedures can also be set. Notification, so that Yinzhuang can prepare,..."

It’s very convoluted, but it’s easy to understand. Feng Ziying specifically emphasized the time difference and probability between access and withdrawal, which barely made these people understand the truth, but they all felt that it was quite complicated and still uncertain. too big.

   "But Ziying, if everyone came to withdraw the money at the same time, and you borrowed all the money, how would you deal with it?" Fang Congzhe couldn't help asking again.

"Lord Fang, the probability of this is very small, or unless there are special reasons, it is almost impossible. For example, there are a thousand merchants depositing and withdrawing silver here. They come from the capital, Nanzhi, Shanxi, Huguang, Fujian, and even mutual How can they come to withdraw money at the same time if they have no relationship or acquaintance with each other?"

Feng Ziying explained patiently: "Unless there are certain circumstances, such as the imperial court thinks that there is something wrong with Yinzhuang and needs to seal it up. Yu borrowed part of the reputation of the imperial court to Yinzhuang, so that the majority of merchants strengthened their trust in it, and even if the Ministry of Households became its shareholder, they could also send personnel to supervise it to prevent it from abusing money or not following the original set to conduct business in the direction of…”

  Feng Ziying's words echoed in the hall, and also aroused the deep thinking of all the ministers in the hall.

  This pioneering idea is actually not complicated. In a sense, it is actually a layer of paper. It can be understood after a little wearing, but it is short of the inspiration to wear.

   As for how to implement the specific operation, there are still many matters that need to be carefully considered.

  (end of this chapter)