At the very beginning, science is a kind of human activity formed by induction.

I lit a bonfire at night, and some bugs hit the fire, picked it up and chewed it, and it was crunchy, so I thought, why would some bugs hit the fire stupidly? Is it because they are stupid? or? Is it because a **** knew that I was hungry, so he sent me bugs to eat?

After a long time of summing up and summarizing, the bug-eater finally came to a conclusion, because no matter what I did, the bug would hit the fire, so obviously it was not because of God, so the bug was stupid.

Later, people discovered that many insects were navigating through moonlight, so that they were mistakenly directed to the light source, again confirming the conclusion that the insects were stupid.

After three steps, conjecture, induction, and verification, the process of finally reaching a conclusion is how most scientific research is conducted.

The g protein-coupled receptor is so high-end, but the research process is actually the same.

It's like climbing the Himalayas. Although it requires a variety of equipment and preparations, in the final analysis, it is not essentially different from climbing Mount Tai or the hills of the neighboring village.

However, there are high-end reasons for high-end.

Like the g protein-coupled receptor, it is simply stuck in the first step now.

guess.

Yes, just like humans don’t understand Mars, they can only guess what's on it, what’s on the ground, and what it makes up. G-protein coupled receptors are also under complicated guesses for humans.

People have put forward all kinds of conjectures, and don’t know if they have missed 1 million possible correct conjectures.

So, how to solve this problem?

Just like ancient humans, we observe.

More, more, more observations...

Before bovine rhodopsin protein, humans actually didn't even have the opportunity to observe.

Because g protein-coupled receptors are very unstable, difficult to extract, difficult to separate, difficult to purify, and even more difficult to observe...

Things in the micro world are so troublesome. You can’t use tweezers to clamp it out. Even if you have this kind of power, you don't know which one needs to be clamped out. Because you can't recognize it.

For nano-level proteins, the only way to observe is to make them into a solution, dilute it continuously, and then extract a small amount of the solution for observation.

For example, dissolving 2 grams of protein powder in 100 milliliters of liquid... However, the problem of protein agglomeration needs to be solved, and for g protein coupled receptors, the more troublesome place is still to come.

This product is not stable, it will collapse in solution.

Think about it, a single scientific dog who gave up the Mid-Autumn Festival, had no Christmas Eve, forgot Christmas, and could not pass the Spring Festival. Finally, on February 14th, with the speed of years of practice, taking advantage of the warmth of the furnace Before the g protein-coupled receptors react, shoot them under the microscope, and then...

They still collapsed.

Seeking the desperate volume of a single scientific research dog at this time-knock on the blackboard, draw the key points, and the shadow area is useless. That is a practice problem for junior high school students. The shadow area is the projected area of ​​the object. Unless the object is regular, otherwise , The projected area cannot be used to find the volume.

As for the method of finding the volume of an irregular body like despair, the best reference is Archimedes:

Put the object into the water, and the volume of water discharged is the volume of the object.

But what if despair dissolves in water? What if despair collapses in the solution? Why can't I find a solution that can not react with despair?

So desperate! !

All in all, before bovine rhodopsin, human observation of g protein-coupled receptors was such an endless loop.

Even observation is an endless loop, and even the guessing step cannot be fully carried out. It is conceivable that the following summary and verification are how blind people are touching the elephant.

However, a somewhat fragmented result is better than nothing.

For such fragmented results, the Nobel Prize was not hesitate to give, and several were returned.

Until the bovine rhodopsin protein turned out.

The big players in the biological world finally breathed a sigh of relief: finally there are enough moths, we can have a good meal...No, we can take a good look.

However, Dana is Dana after all.

Dana is never satisfied.

Therefore, there is always the idea that the laboratory can't hold back the idea: a kind of moth is not enough, will it be monotonous to eat every day, and what to do in case of constipation.

In addition, it is only the observation stage, and everyone does not know how large samples are needed to observe, and it has not yet entered the white-hot stage of fighting the quantity.

In fact, what we have to enter after all is to look at the quantity of several proteins.

If some laboratories find better observation objects, or more observation objects, they can get twice the result with half the effort in the next scientific research competition.

However, Yang Rui is very clear, they think too much.

Bovine rhodopsin protein is the best.

To some extent, it is unique.

There are only a few that can barely be used, or the varieties found next are either too expensive, or not good enough, or the sources are not widely available-change to another scientific research project, use a more expensive variety, or a scarce number Variety, it doesn't matter, anyway, the funds are enough, it will pass after a long time.

Unfortunately, the three-dimensional structure of the g protein-coupled receptor is really lucky.

I want to buy 5 million for 2 yuan. This kind of thing is good as an entertainment project. However, if the goal is to expand to 20 million US dollars, it will be too much to fight for luck.

Therefore, in the guessing phase, sufficient observations are essential.

From the very beginning, Yang Rui will be most familiar with the project, and Su Xiankai, who has the strongest overall strength, will be sent to do bovine rhodopsin protein because he knows what the core of the problem is.

As an active-duty calf, Su Xiankai, a later-generation big cow, his creativity was quickly stimulated.

Various dry powder culture media, trypsin, bovine serum, and baskets of fresh bull's eyes were sent to the ion channel laboratory of Peking University, where they were sent to the tunnel through a low-temperature ultracentrifuge, automatic gel chromatography, protein analyzer... Observed under the microscope, the whole process was broken down step by step by Su Xiankai.

This is true for any production behavior, continuous decomposition steps, continuous improvement of proficiency, and then continuous increase in output.

At the same time, as a laboratory and researcher, Su Xiankai was not satisfied with mere production.

Simplifying steps and even developing better production methods are what he insists on doing.

In this regard, Yang Rui is also quite admired.

Changing a researcher, in the same position as Su Xiankai, might just resign to his fate and start simple production. Perhaps it only takes a few years for such a researcher to become a mere research worker.

This is not the case for Su Xiankai.

He worked hard to study, starting from clarifying each production step, and then optimizing it step by step. Yang Rui could not copy directly from the book for these tasks. Therefore, Su Xiankai also did it effectively.

The production of bovine rhodopsin protein has also doubled.

2 times.

4 times.

8 times.

Compared with the initial production capacity ~lightnovelpub.net~Su Xiankai has unexpectedly increased it by as much as ten times.

This number also far exceeds that of foreign first-class laboratories.

Yang Rui also let out a sigh of relief quietly.

Catching up and surpassing this kind of thing is never done in an instant, but as long as the basic indicators catch up, the follow-up indicators will not be weaker.

Of course, just catching up with foreign first-class laboratories is not Yang Rui's goal.

At the meeting of the week, Yang Rui made a request again and wrote it directly on the blackboard in the meeting room: "Congratulations to the bovine rhodopsin group’s output hitting new highs, please make the bovine rhodopsin group make persistent efforts and increase the output tenfold !"

Su Xiankai was busy until the end before entering the conference room. The moment he saw the handwriting on the blackboard, he lost the courage to breathe.

"You can just choke me to death." Su Xiankai lay down on the chair and didn't want to move.

...