Chapter 447 Advanced warship power supply solutions and the idea of ​​electric vehicles

 In the 1980s, when the country opened its doors, China also saw advanced Western technology and was very surprised. In terms of aviation technology, when they saw the French Mirage 2000 fighter jet landing, domestic technicians and test pilots were extremely curious.

The other party didn’t use a parachute and just used the brakes to stop him!

When the plane lands, it reaches a speed of hundreds of kilometers per hour. If the domestic brakes are stepped on directly, the brakes will definitely smoke and be scrapped. The parachute must be used first to slow down the speed of the plane before it can be used. brake.

The French actually braked directly?

When the brakes came to a stop, the domestic technicians touched the brake discs with horror on their faces, and found that the brake pads did not overheat!

Technology in all aspects lags far behind the world's advanced level. Seeing foreign technology is like Grandma Liu entering the Grand View Garden. Although they know that they are lagging behind, the technicians are not discouraged. If there is a gap, then catch up!

 The third-generation aircraft produced in China can no longer use the backward braking system of the past, and must develop more advanced braking devices!

More than ten years have passed. What level have the domestically developed products reached?

 Qin Tao was not very clear, but he knew that if he wanted to solve the problem of the clutch friction plate, he had to start with the aircraft brake disc.

In later generations, the Yankees' F-35 project also required advanced lift fan clutches. Goodrich was responsible for providing friction materials. In order to develop this technology, their company established a Santa Fe Springs high-temperature composites team. , this group is not working in isolation. They also contacted the Troy Aircraft Wheel and Brake Group in Ohio and the Materials and Simulation Technology Center in Brecksville, Ohio to work together to develop high-performance clutch materials with longer life.

The Americans also use brake materials to research. For their own part, there is nothing much to say. They also have to find help from departments that research aircraft brake materials.

Wang Jinbao opened his eyes wide: "Mr. Qin, let's cooperate with a department that researches braking systems? This is a good idea!"

 The plan put forward by Mr. Qin is definitely forward-looking. As long as you follow what Mr. Qin said, it will be absolutely correct!

Wang Jinbao has made up his mind. After Mr. Qin leaves, he will find relevant departments to cooperate!

In fact, for them, if they want to produce this kind of lift fan, they have to travel all over the country to find cooperative units. The advantage of their machinery factory lies in processing accuracy, but they are not a unit that researches materials, so they must Just find cooperation with relevant departments.

“By the way, Mr. Qin, in order to bypass these complex technologies, someone in our project team has come up with a new plan.”

  New plan?

 Qin Tao was very curious: "What plan?"

 To achieve vertical takeoff and landing, there are only two solutions in the world, either the Sea Harrier or the Yak-38. Only these two are mature, and our own lift fans are nothing more than deformations of the Yak-38.

“We can use the helicopter’s turboshaft engine to drive this lift fan. In this way, the length of the drive shaft can be greatly shortened and the clutch can be eliminated!”

 Driven by a turboshaft engine?

Qin Tao looked at Wang Jinbao in surprise: "Have you calculated it?"

Wang Jinbao nodded: "After calculation, the largest helicopter engine in the world is the D-136 equipped with the Mi-26. This engine can burst out more than 10,000 horsepower. We use two to drive the lift fan, so that it can still There is a backup, so if one of the engines stalls, the other one can still provide some power."

The Mingzhou Group is equipped with the Mi-26, so they can get all the above parameters. They have made various calculations based on these parameters, and finally feel that there is no problem.

Qin Tao shook his head: "I'm not talking about power, but volume! Where do you plan to put these two engines? How to solve the problem of air intake and exhaust?"

Wang Jinbao was stunned.

 He ​​certainly did not consider these issues. In his eyes, such issues were certainly considered by aircraft designers.

"This kind of design is like farting and taking off your pants. It is not as good as the Yak-38 that directly uses a lift engine. It is also a turbine engine. Direct injection is enough, and it has to be transmitted through the transmission shaft." Qin Tao and others also They are all familiar with it, and it is not polite to say it: "Moreover, adding two more engines will increase the procurement cost and increase the complexity of the system."

Originally, Wang Jinbao thought this was a genius idea, but he didn't know that there were so many problems. Moreover, when Mr. Qin said this, he was able to realize that it was indeed a big trouble.

For an airplane, every gram of weight must be calculated. Originally, the lift fan was already a dead weight in normal flight. As a result, two more engines were carried specifically for the lift fan. This is really ridiculous. Pants.

"We have no other choice. This path is the most correct. We must keep going along this path, so come on! Even if we can only produce a clutch with a lifespan of three to five times, it is still progress. In the future we will It can be continuously improved until it finally matures.”

 The design of the lift fan is the most mature, because this method has the simplest structure. Any changes will make it more complicated and will not be of any benefit to the aircraft.

Wang Jinbao nodded: "Mr. Qin, we understand, and we will definitely do our best to overcome the technical difficulties and finally reach the other side of success!"

“Well, you don’t need to be particularly anxious. We are mentally prepared for the technical difficulty. Our research and development will take at least ten years, so everyone should take your time.”

“Wouldn’t that delay our plane’s test flight?” Wang Jinbao was a little worried.

“Don’t forget, our aircraft has three models. If the lift fan is immature, we can still fly the ordinary model first.”

 Everyone breathed a sigh of relief.

Qin Tao had just pointed out the research direction to the technical staff of the machinery factory and encouraged them to continue their efforts when Xu Zhengyang's big brother rang. When he finished answering the phone, he looked at Qin Tao who stood up to have lunch with everyone: "Mr. Qin, There is a dispute over at the Second Design Office, would you like to go over and take a look."

 Dispute?

Qin Tao knew that among technical staff, all kinds of arguments were normal. After all, the truth had to be refuted. However, the improvement policy for the aircraft carrier had already been formulated. It was supposed that there would be no such arguments that required help from oneself!

 “Who is arguing with whom?”

 “Horse-hands, and all men.”

 Qin Tao immediately understood that what could set Ma Gong against others was none other than medium-voltage DC technology.

“Let’s go and take a look.” Qin Tao said: “These truths are all refuted. Even if we don’t talk, we can hear the wonderful debate.”

The second design office is also in Huating, so Qin Tao can quickly reach the conference room. After entering, sure enough, the scene is exciting and intense. Ma Gong is using his own strength to fight with the scholars!

“At present, all the ship power supply systems we use are AC. When the Varyag was designed, it was also 50 Hz AC, which is very mature. We cannot use immature DC technology at this time!”

The person who said this was an old technician who was responsible for designing the power system. Therefore, he was very familiar with this system. He would never agree to install any medium-voltage DC.

 This is just playing the piano randomly!

"Yes, your design is mature enough. Nine alternators are not needed at all times. Normally, only four engines work. When more power is needed, the diesel generators are started to connect to the grid. How do soldiers operate?"

 How to operate? For the engineer soldiers, this is definitely a nightmare! The requirements for connecting the alternator to the grid are very strict. If the difference is 0.01 seconds, the entire system will burn down.

Especially, the Kuznetsov and Varyag still use nine generators in order to increase power supply. With so many generators connected to the grid, it is even more of a nightmare within a nightmare!

“However, if medium-voltage DC is used to transmit power, the generator will still use AC power, and the user will also need AC power. Conversion in the middle is too complicated!”

 In short, they are resisting because no one has ever used this technology.

"Complicated?" The horseman looked up at his head: "Do you know what kind of electricity our current electric lights use?"

 Everyone shook their heads.

 Everyone uses electricity every day, but they don’t know where it comes from.

There seems to be no doubt about this, it must be from the power plant!

“In October 1985, the plus or minus 500 kV Gezhouba to Huating DC transmission project started. The unipolar and bipolar lines were put into operation in 1989 and 1990 respectively. The DC line is 1,045.6 kilometers long and the unipolar transmission capacity is 600,000 kilowatts. Bipolar 1.2 million kilowatts. Now, we have 11 power plants in Huating, with a total power generation equipment capacity of 4.6867 million kilowatts. The commissioning of this DC project is equivalent to providing us with 25% of the power supply, that is to say , now at least one of the four lights above our heads is powered by DC power."

 The West does not have ultra-high voltage direct current transmission technology because they simply do not need it.

 Domestic energy is mainly distributed in the west. For example, various hydropower stations are built in the west. The highly economically developed areas are in the east. In this way, power needs to be transported from the west to the east.

 There is no need for this in Europe. It is almost equivalent to spanning the entire Western Europe. The area of ​​​​their country is less than the size of a province in the country.

 Ultra-high voltage DC transmission has various advantages, so it has been intensively researched and thoroughly overcome in China, allowing domestic transmission technology to reach the highest level in the world.

 “What’s the significance of this?” asked another old man.

“I would like to say that for our country, the various conversion equipment required for DC transmission technology are already mature!”

 The generator is AC, the user needs AC power, and the power transmission process is DC. This process will inevitably involve the conversion problem between DC and AC.

 It is easy to convert AC to DC, and a few diodes can solve the problem. However, converting DC to AC is not easy. It requires special and complex circuits. The conversion device in the ultra-high voltage transmission system has huge power requirements!

  Why do Americans choose medium voltage AC technology? One of the big reasons is that they are not as easy to obtain a large number of conversion components as China. When China is studying ultra-high voltage DC transmission technology, it has already fiddled with these equipment!

 This thing cannot be imported from the West because it is not available in the West.

 Ultra-high voltages of hundreds of kilovolts can be used, and medium voltages of several hundred volts are no problem, and can even be simplified! After all, the insulation level has been reduced by several levels.

“No, even if we have these devices, it will greatly increase the complexity of our system!” Another person said.

"Everyone, if we use the generator you are talking about, we will need a complex set of reduction gears to reduce the speed of the turbine from several thousand rpm to 300 rpm, and it must be stabilized to ensure that the frequency of the alternating current is stable. Is it true? Isn’t this system complicated? If our method is used, these mechanisms can be omitted. The generator can directly rotate at the same speed as the steam turbine, and the auxiliary diesel generator can be connected to the grid, which is a matter of starting it. , which is more complex?”

Ma Gong is not in a hurry, he is very confident in his system.

"I think you should be able to identify which solution is more reliable and simpler." Ma Gong continued: "Moreover, we have two generators to choose from. One generator is an AC and DC generator, which can be used at any time. Switch, AC and DC come out directly through the generator, and the other is a twelve-phase generator. Driven by the same engine, it can generate several times the amount of electricity. Only it can provide a powerful enough power supply for our warships!" (Personally, these should be two kinds of generators. It is impossible to have a twelve-phase generator that can switch between AC and DC at any time.)

 The twelve-phase generator is divided into four three-phase electricity, and its frequency is constantly changing. If you want to use it on an aircraft carrier, it must be rectified into direct current so that it can be connected to the grid.

The nuclear power plant built by Mingzhou Group also uses twelve-phase generators, but three of them are directly used by shipyards and steel plants. Don't worry about it. Only one group that supplies power to society needs to consider the issue of grid connection.

Of course, nuclear power plants on land will not change after they are started and will continue to operate stably. This is not a particularly big problem. Of course, if they are all converted to output, the load may be more balanced.

 With the same power, the output power is greatly increased. This is the unique advantage of the twelve-phase generator!

　　Everyone gulped when they heard what the horseman said. They couldn't resist this temptation!

"Moreover, we have also developed a large number of DC-DC (direct current-direct current) conversion devices, which can directly convert medium-voltage DC into low-voltage DC. Various electronic equipment on our warships can directly use this power module. No more switching back to communication.”

Hearing Ma Gong’s words, Qin Tao couldn’t help but asked: “Ma Gong, that is to say, we have developed mature DC-DC and DC-AC conversion devices?”

"Mr. Qin, when did you come?" Ma Gong was very curious and didn't know when Qin Tao came in. However, after saying this, he nodded quickly: "Yes, we have developed a military-grade conversion device, which is fully suitable for use on mobile devices. Mr. Qin, do you have any ideas?"

Qin Tao nodded: "Well, I have an idea. We will discuss it in detail after this meeting is over."

Ma Gong is a little curious, wondering what new ideas Qin Tao has come up with, but for now, let’s pay attention to this controversy.

 The truth has been explained clearly, can these people agree?

 It still depends on who makes the final decision.

 Babic is the chief designer of this modification, and he has the power to make the final decision.

"Let's summarize it now." Babbage said: "At present, the advantage of medium-voltage DC is that it does not require complicated grid-connected operations, the power of the generator is large, and there is no need for a reduction gearbox. The disadvantage is that this is our first Once used, we don’t know whether it will be mature. If it is immature and causes the warship to frequently break the lock during use, it will be troublesome.”

"I can issue a military order!" Ma Gong said firmly: "We have already matured these technologies!"

“Then let’s vote by a show of hands,” Babbage said.

Qin Tao was a little helpless. In this field, not the choice of the majority is correct. After all, the truth is often in the hands of a few people. However, when encountering a dispute, a show of hands is still a common method. After all, This approach is consistent with the golden mean.

“Hands up in favor of medium-voltage DC transmission,” Babbage said.

 The horseman raised his hand.

What about the rest?

Others were obviously waiting and watching, and finally, people in twos and threes began to raise their hands.

"There are a total of sixteen of us here, and more than half can pass." Babbage said and counted: "One, two, three...six, seven."

 Only seven people raised their hands!

 Babic shook his head, intending to reject this plan.

“Does it count if I raise my hand?” Qin Tao said, raising his hand.

"Of course, Mr. Qin, you have a deep understanding of technology." Babbage nodded: "Eight people agreed, but the total number is seventeen, so it still does not reach half. It is a pity..."

The horseman's eyes also showed disappointment. At this moment, he was surprised to see an old man raise his hand.

Didn’t this guy object just now?

"I believe Mr. Qin. Since he thinks this plan is feasible, I also support it." The old man said.

 This time, it’s already more than half!

The horseman was delighted.

 More than half, that means his plan can be passed!

 This system is the first in the world, and it has been used on aircraft carriers since its inception!

 Of course, only the aircraft carrier needs it most because it has so many generators!

Frigates, destroyers, these warships do not require a lot of electricity, so one is driven directly by the main engine, and at most one backup diesel generator is enough. It is definitely not like the aircraft carrier, where Lao Maozi actually uses nine generators. Even if we simplify the machine, we still use four generators, which is quite a large number.

Therefore, an advanced power supply system is necessary, and choosing this medium-voltage DC transmission technology is an inevitable choice!

 In the joy of the horseman, he saw that Babbage actually raised his hand!

"I also agree to use this system. In terms of power supply for warships, you have finally grown up and are more advanced than ours. I hope to see the world's leading power supply system for warships!" Babbage said.

 Although more than half of the votes are considered to be passed, the significance of Babbage raising his hand is extraordinary, indicating that as the chief engineer, he has recognized this plan from the bottom of his heart.

The horseman had a smile on his face.

 “Horse Worker, I also agree with your plan!” Another old man raised his hand.

 In the end, everyone present actually raised their hands!

 The horseman was very excited.

"Thank you for your support! We have been studying this power supply system for many years, and there will definitely be no problems. We must submit a satisfactory answer to the military and the motherland! We will provide the specific design plan in the next month. In time, it will be completely perfected!”

"Okay, now that the plan has been passed, is our meeting over? Do you want to go to dinner?" Qin Tao asked.

 His stomach is really hungry.

 “That’s right, let’s go eat first.”

The dishes in the restaurant had long been cold. When everyone passed by, the staff in the restaurant reheated the dishes and then brought them out again.

While eating, the horseman asked Qin Tao: "Mr. Qin, you just said you have a new idea, what is it?"

“I’m thinking, these technologies of ours have matured, can they be used in cars?”

“In the car?” The horseman was a little surprised: “How to use it?”

 “Install a battery into the car, drive the electric motor, and drive the body forward, so as to make a specialized electric car.”

Ma Gong shook his head: "That's impossible. The energy density of the battery is too low. The car can only drive more than a hundred kilometers at most. When cars first appeared, they were driven by batteries, but they were later replaced by internal combustion engines. "

“But it is environmentally friendly.” Qin Tao said: “You probably don’t know that in the United States, General Motors is developing an electric car called Impact. This is a trend in the future.”

When talking about electric cars, everyone will think of the famous Tesla. It seems that this car created an era. In fact, before it, General Motors was the first to develop electric cars. Even many of Tesla’s technologies They are all transplanted from Impact Auto.

In the 1990s, impact cars were at their peak. They were high-end and expensive. They were only rented but not sold. The resumes of renters were strictly scrutinized, making them a toy for the rich.

In the end, after changes in policies and regulations, General Motors ruthlessly abandoned this car and destroyed them all cruelly, making countless electric car enthusiasts burst into tears.

 Now, hearing Qin Tao talk about this, Ma Gong frowned: "What is the future trend?"

“Yes, since we have this technology, we may be able to develop electric vehicles. This project will definitely raise a lot of money, and we can use this money to develop our other businesses.”

 A lot of money was raised! Qin Tao's words are very important. This project is used to make money! The money collected can be used to do many things.

“Mr. Qin, I will listen to you on how to proceed.”

Qin Tao nodded, and just when he was about to continue speaking, Xu Zhengyang walked to Qin Tao's side.

“Mr. Qin, Ms. Vitalia called and invited you to go to the capital as soon as possible.”

 (End of this chapter)